Nivola was born in Boston, Massachusetts. His mother, Virginia (née Davis), is an artist, and his father, Pietro Salvatore Nivola (1944–2017), was a professor of political science and a senior fellow at The Brookings Institution. Nivola’s paternal grandfather was the Italian sculptor Costantino Nivola, and his paternal grandmother, Ruth Guggenheim, was a Jewish refugee from Germany. He was born first of two boys; his brother, Adrian Nivola, a painter, is five years younger. Nivola attended Phillips Exeter Academy and Yale University. His family also lived in Burlington, Vermont, where he attended Mater Christi School, a ministry of the Sisters of Mercy.
Nivola graduated from Yale University with a BA in English in 1994 and a year later made his Broadway debut opposite Helen Mirren in A Month in the Country earning a Drama Desk Award nomination. Shortly after that came his breakthrough performance in John Woo’s feature film Face/Off (1997) playing Nicolas Cage’s brother Pollux Troy. In the ensuing years he has starred in many films including Mansfield Park (1999), Love’s Labour’s Lost (2000), Jurassic Park 3 (2001), Laurel Canyon (2002 – Independent Spirit Award nomination), Junebug (2005), Goal! 1 & 2 (2005, 2007), Coco Before Chanel (2009), Ginger & Rosa (2012), American Hustle (2013 – Screen Actors Guild Award, Critics Choice Award), A Most Violent Year (2014), Selma (2014 – Critics Choice Award nomination), The Neon Demon (2016), One Percent More Humid (Best Actor Award 2017 Tribeca Film Festival), You Were Never Really Here (2017), Disobedience (2017 – British Independent Film Award, London Critics Circle Film Award nomination), The Art of Self Defense (2019), and The Red Sea Diving Resort (2019).
He will next be seen as Dickie Moltisanti, the lead role in The Many Saints of Newark, David Chase’s feature film prequel to his heralded television series The Sopranos.
Nivola has also worked frequently in television, starring opposite Robert De Niro in Barry Levinson’s Madoff family biopic The Wizard of Lies (2017), as well as the TNT miniseries The Company (2007), the UK Channel 4 series Chimerica (2019), and the three part BBC miniseries Black Narcissus, broadcast 27, 28, and 29 December 2020.
On stage, in addition to A Month in the Country, he starred on Broadway in 2013 in The Winslow Boy (Outer Critics Circle Award nomination), and in 2014 in The Elephant Man opposite Bradley Cooper (Tony Award nomination), and off-Broadway in the Ethan Hawke-directed Sam Shepard play A Lie of the Mind (2010) with Laurie Metcalf. He also starred opposite Gwyneth Paltrow in the 1995 Williamstown Theater Festival production of Shakespeare’s As You Like It.
In 2013 Nivola established King Bee Productions with his wife Emily Mortimer. The company produced two seasons of the half hour comedy Doll & Em for HBO and BSkyB. He also produced To Dust starring Matthew Broderick which won the Audience Award at the 2018 TriBeCa Film Festival and was nominated for a 2020 Independent Spirit Award.